社会学家 Sherry Turkle 谈 AI 聊天机器人：是朋友还是敌人？

从“通过机器交谈”到“直接对机器说”

社会学家 Sherry Turkle 自 1970 年代以来持续研究人与技术日益交织的关系，至今已有 50 年。她近期写道：人们先是彼此交谈，然后通过机器彼此交谈，如今则直接与机器交谈。这一变化指向聊天机器人在友谊、咨询与爱情中的使用增长——它们用人工智能模拟对话。

新书与核心警告

本周的一场对话围绕她的新书《Artificial Intimacy: Who We Become When We Talk to Machines》展开。Turkle 一直就聊天机器人关系的风险发出警告：这类关系提供的是模拟的共情，可能加深社会孤立。这一判断属于她的主张，而非已在此材料中展开的实证结果。

她的机构身份

Turkle 是 MIT 科技与社会研究教授，并担任 MIT Initiative on Technology and the Self 主任。她的长期研究背景构成了上述警告的语境：关注点不是机器能否对话，而是人在与机器对话中变成什么样。

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Sociologist Sherry Turkle has been exploring the increasingly interconnected relationship between human beings and technology for 50 years, since the 1970’s. She wrote recently: “First people talked to one another; then we talked to one another through machines; now we talk directly to machines.” She’s referring to the growing reliance on chatbots, that use artificial intelligence to simulate conversation, for friendship, counseling and love.

This week, a conversation with Sherry Turkle about her new book, Artificial Intimacy: Who We Become When We Talk to Machines. She’s been sounding the alarm about the dangers of chatbot relationships that offer simulated empathy and can deepen social isolation. She is professor of the social studies of science and technology at MIT and director of the MIT Initiative on Technology and the Self.